“He asked me where I was, and told me to come meet him at the Faten Hamama
cinema in Manial,” Ashour recalls. “He told me that there was a group of
pro-Mubarak supporters meeting there, and that they had signs, and
banners, and weapons.” It was the last word that stopped Ashour in his
tracks.
“I paused for a second,” he says, “and then hung up on him.”
Ashour then turned his phone off, and promptly returned home. “And that,” he
claims, “is how I know God loves me. I made the right choice.” Not only
did Ashour avoid implicating himself in what turned out to be one of the
most shameful chapters in the history of the nation, he also averted a
potentially devastating family tragedy. “I found out the next day that
my two younger brothers were in Tahrir Square that night, fighting for
their lives, and our freedom.”
Although less complicated, Abdel Kader’s role in violently suppressing
anti-regime protesters was far more direct. During the earliest stages
of the uprising, Abdel Kader (his name has been changed), was employed
in what he vaguely refers to as “intimidation tactics,” although he
admits to resorting to brute force on a few occasions.
“We would be told to go to certain areas, and attack anyone with a beard,
or any person or group of people’s chanting either for or against the
government,” he says. “Our orders were to break apart any type of
protest or demonstration, regardless of its cause.”
The intention, Abdel Kader explains, was to spread fear and internal
strife, particularly among the city’s poorer communities and
shantytowns. “Their [NDP members’] aim was to have people tear each
other apart. They wanted to prove that in their absence, we were all a
bunch of uncontrollable animals, desperate to kill each other.”
On the morning of 2 February, as Ashour was watching the president’s
speech with tearful eyes, Abdel Kader was already on his way to Manial.
As a resident of Ashour’s neighborhood, Abdel Kader had also received a
call from Allam, who informed him of the Faten Hamama meeting point, as
well as the fact that the gathering men would be given banners and
weapons--a statement that didn’t surprise Abdel Kader.
“I expected it,” he states. “I even had my own pocketknife with me.”
Upon arrival, Abdel Kader recalls, “We were all given black baseball caps or
ski-hats to wear, so we could recognize each other throughout the day.
Some people were given rifles and shotguns. Others, like me, were given
clubs, and sharpened sticks.”
These items, he says, were handed out by Allam and a few of his assistants.
After a brief congregation, the group set out, moving through the streets
chanting, intimidating others, and flexing their muscles for an imminent
and--they believed--final confrontation at Tahrir Square.
"We made a few minor strikes around the outskirts of the square,” says
Abdel Kader, before being rounded up again for further instructions. “We
were told to strike hard and fast, that the protesters were a bunch of
American University pansies who’d run away at the first gunshot.”
These instructions, Abdel Kader claims, came directly from Allam, who had
been accompanying his gang of thugs for most of the day.
The brutal attack came during the early hours of 3 February, and with it,
what Abdel Kader describes as “a wake-up call. I realized these weren’t a
bunch of sissy kids, and that they weren’t just having fun. They were
fighting for something, and they were putting up a brave fight.”
Abdel Kader pauses before continuing. “They were willing to die for what they
believed in, and I was fighting them because I had been paid LE200. The
thought of it broke my heart.”
Sick with guilt, Abdel Kader claims to have run away, able to escape in the
surrounding chaos. “Everyone was running all over the place,” he says,
describing the scene on the 6 October Bridge, where he and his group of
thugs were situated. “Even Magdy Allam, who was with us then, was
running around screaming like a little girl, but he’s always been a
coward.”
Along with a few other thugs, allegedly alarmed by the same realization,
Abdel Kader fled the scene and made his way home. “There were others who
stayed, of course,” he says of the thugs who refused to back down
during those violent early morning hours. “Some of them took it as a
personal offense that the people in Tahrir were fighting back. And
others really believed that they were doing the right thing. We were all
told a lot of lies.”
Which is partially why Abdel Kader believes he and the others who “had their
eyes opened by what happened that night,” are not entirely to blame for
the civil war that briefly raged in Tahrir Square.
“There were three people who orchestrated this, and three people to be held
responsible for all our sins,” Abdel Kader claims. “Zakariya Azmy,
Safwat al-Sherif, and Hussein Megawer were the ones who came up with the
plan, and they’re the ones who told the likes of Magdy Allam to contact
‘his people’ with specific instructions.”
These are the main perpetrators who, Abdel Kader believes, should “suffer the
wrath of a thousand Habib al-Adly’s,” a reference to the notoriously
vindictive former minister of interior, who is being tried for his
involvement in violence against the revolution, among other charges.
Apparently, not everyone involved shares Abdel Kader’s feelings. Many thugs have
since refused to return to their neighborhoods, and several have gone
into hiding, according to Abdel Kader. “There are a few people who left
from here that day, and still haven’t returned. In some cases, their
family members left shortly afterward, so we know they must be hiding
somewhere.”
On noting the irony of having both police forces and thugs retreating,
Abdel Kader remarks, “it’s not like there was ever much of a difference
between them.”
Yasser Ashour would undoubtedly agree. “I am a drug dealer,” he admits. “I am
not going to deny it. But I am only a drug dealer because the police
bullied me into becoming one.”
According to Ashour, local officers, wanting to profit from the confiscated drugs
stored in a police warehouse on the outskirts of Ezbet Abou Qarn,
forced neighborhood residents into trafficking. “They would give us
entire batches of marijuana, and replace the stores with molokheya,”
Ashour recalls with a bitter smile. “I even remember all the jokes they
would crack about it.”
“This was all happening according to Police Chief Sherif al-Awadi’s orders,”
says Ashour. “He was responsible for this district, and that man was a
criminal mastermind.”
At first, Ashour tried to resist the officers’ subversive commands, and as
a result, was briefly sent to prison on false allegations of,
ironically, drug-trafficking. “They threw me in jail to show me what it
would be like, and then took me back out so I could sell their drugs for
them.”
“They don’t give you a choice, and I learned that the hard way,” he says.
Police forces routinely relied on similarly twisted tactics, as they were also
strategic in keeping people like Ashour and Abdel Kader in their place.
“They made it so that if I did or said or was even suspected of doing
or saying anything that they didn’t like, they’d arrest me for being a
drug dealer--again.”
"The idea that there are people out there who want to be thugs and hired
killers is ignorant, and wrong. We are put in these positions and given
no way out of them,” Ashour says. “Of course there are always going to
be sociopaths and people who have crime running through their veins, but
I’m talking about normal people who are trying to lead normal lives.
Family men--men with values and reasonable demands.”
Shortly after the Day of Anger on 28 January, the Ezbet Abou Qarn warehouse was
raided, and Ashour watched as his neighbors made off with 7.5 tons of
marijuana, before setting fire to the building. Needless to say, this
came as a relief to him, but Ashour is still far from content. Besides
the fear and uncertainty shared by the rest of the population, Ashour is
worried about his cousin, who was recently arrested on what he insists
are phony arms possession charges.
“There’s always something. It never ends.” Ashour says.
“The former regime put a curse on all of us,” he sighs, “and we’re still not rid of it.”
The names of thugs have been altered to protect their identity
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